Are you struggling with the lingering effects of a traumatic event?
Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy might be your transformative solution. Recent studies affirm the efficacy of EMDR in treating Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), offering a ray of hope to those affected.
Understanding EMDR Therapy:
EMDR therapy is a unique approach that helps individuals process and integrate traumatic memories. It involves recalling distressing events while receiving one of several types of bilateral sensory input, such as side-to-side eye movements. This process aims to reduce the emotional impact of past traumas.
EMDR Evidence of Efficacy:
Proven Effectiveness Across Cultures and Conditions: EMDR therapy has demonstrated significant improvements in PTSD diagnosis and symptom reduction, outperforming other trauma treatments in diverse cultural settings(Wilson et al., 2018)
Beneficial for Comorbid Conditions: Research shows EMDR’s potential in treating trauma-related symptoms in patients with additional psychiatric disorders, contributing to overall mental health improvement (Valiente-Gómez et al., 2017).
Safe and Effective for Complex Cases: A landmark study reveals EMDR’s safety and effectiveness in patients with PTSD and severe psychotic disorders, with lasting results at a 6-month follow-up(Berg et al., 2015).
Addressing Diverse Populations: Although more research is needed in specific subgroups like children and combat veterans, EMDR has shown promise across various demographics(Rubin, 2003).
Cross-Cultural Success Stories: Even in challenging cross-cultural contexts, EMDR has been effective in significantly reducing trauma, depression, and anxiety symptoms(Schubert et al., 2016).
Proven Effectiveness Across Cultures and Conditions: EMDR therapy has demonstrated significant improvements in PTSD diagnosis and symptom reduction, outperforming other trauma treatments in diverse cultural settings(Wilson et al., 2018)
Beneficial for Comorbid Conditions: Research shows EMDR’s potential in treating trauma-related symptoms in patients with additional psychiatric disorders, contributing to overall mental health improvement (Valiente-Gómez et al., 2017).
Safe and Effective for Complex Cases: A landmark study reveals EMDR’s safety and effectiveness in patients with PTSD and severe psychotic disorders, with lasting results at a 6-month follow-up(Berg et al., 2015).
Addressing Diverse Populations: Although more research is needed in specific subgroups like children and combat veterans, EMDR has shown promise across various demographics(Rubin, 2003).
Cross-Cultural Success Stories: Even in challenging cross-cultural contexts, EMDR has been effective in significantly reducing trauma, depression, and anxiety symptoms(Schubert et al., 2016).
Conclusion
EMDR therapy stands out as a beacon of hope for those battling PTSD. Its unique approach and proven effectiveness make it a compelling option for many who have not found relief through traditional methods.
If you are seeking a path to healing and recovery from trauma, EMDR therapy could be the key to a brighter, more peaceful future.
The world is seeing a rapid evolution in the way people access services. With the rise of technology, online service delivery has become a new norm across various industries, including the mental health sector. While some people may be hesitant to try therapy online, it has proven to be the need of the hour during the ongoing pandemic. In this regard, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy is emerging as a widely accepted and effective option among mental health professionals.
The Online EMDR Therapy Experience
EMDR is a type of psychotherapy that allows individuals to reprocess traumatic memories and acquire new skills to cope with them. The therapy is delivered using bilateral stimulation, which involves rapid eye movements or other forms of sensory input. This method has been thoroughly researched and is highly effective in treating trauma.
As we adapt to the new normal and deal with the limitations of COVID-19 restrictions globally, EMDR therapy has seamlessly transitioned to an online platform. The EMDR International Association has provided guidelines to therapists delivering EMDR online to ensure that it is safe and effective for clients. Despite being a relatively new way to deliver EMDR therapy, it has already been shown to be effective. Many clients have reported positive experiences with online EMDR therapy; some even found it more comfortable and convenient than in-person sessions.
The online EMDR therapy experience is similar to face-to-face therapy, with minor adjustments. Talented therapists use technology to create a comfortable and safe space for clients to engage. They use online platforms to provide the necessary bilateral stimulation, including eye movement following a ball moving across the screen or listening to alternating sounds through headphones.
Benefits of EMDR Therapy Online
One significant advantage of online EMDR therapy is the convenience it offers. Clients can engage in therapy from the comfort of their homes without needing to travel, saving time and money.
It is important to note that online EMDR therapy requires a reliable and stable internet connection and a device with an in-built camera or webcam and headphones. Additionally, therapists will ensure clients have a safe, private, and uninterrupted space to participate in the sessions. The therapists work with clients to ensure they have the skills to manage emotional distress before commencing trauma processing work.
Finally, Medicare rebates may apply for online EMDR Therapy sessions for clients with a valid Mental Health Treatment Plan. All the therapists with Create Balance Psychotherapy and Counselling. Our team has extensive training and experience in offering online EMDR therapy.
Conclusion
In conclusion, online EMDR therapy is an effective and convenient option for people needing trauma processing therapy. Therefore, we encourage everyone to consider the benefits of online EMDR therapy, and we hope the considerations stated in this blog will help make an informed decision.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating condition that can impact a person’s mental and emotional health. It can be caused by exposure to a traumatic event, like war, abuse, accidents, or natural disasters. While traditional talk therapy can be effective in treating PTSD, some people may require a more comprehensive approach. Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy is an innovative technique designed to help individuals overcome PTSD by reprocessing traumatic memories and desensitising the emotional response to them. In this blog, we will explore what results you can expect from EMDR therapy for your PTSD and what the experience will be like.
What is EMDR Therapy?
EMDR therapy is a type of psychotherapy that works with the idea that traumatic experiences can cause damage to the brain, which prevent individuals from processing things normally. It uses bilateral stimulation, either through eye movements or hand taps, to focus the client’s attention on the traumatic memory while trying to change their emotional response. The goal of EMDR therapy is not to forget traumatic experiences but to move beyond them. EMDR therapy involves eight phases: history-taking, preparation, assessment, desensitization, installation, body scan, closure and reevaluation.
What Does EMDR Therapy Feel Like?
Many people wonder what an EMDR therapy session feels like. Generally, the experience is different for everyone, and it depends on the individual’s history and experience with trauma. Some people may experience intense emotions during EMDR treatment, while others may feel no emotion at all. That said, some common experiences reported by people undergoing EMDR therapy include feeling more grounded, calmer, and having a different perspective on their traumatic experience.
What Results Can I Expect from EMDR Therapy?
EMDR therapy aims to help you resolve and process the traumatic events you have experienced. It is important to note that the results of EMDR therapy depend on the individual and the nature of the trauma. Many people report feeling a significant reduction in PTSD symptoms, such as flashbacks, nightmares, and hypervigilance. EMDR therapy can help you reprocess the traumatic events in a way that makes them less overwhelming. Furthermore, EMDR therapy can help you reduce the triggers associated with the traumatic events.
What Will I Notice Changing As I Go Through EMDR Treatment?
EMDR therapy is a comprehensive treatment that involves self-discovery, affective attunement, and cognitive restructuring. As you go through the therapy process, you may experience a gradual decrease in the severity of PTSD symptoms. You may also notice changes in your physical and emotional responses to triggers. It is essential to be patient and trust the process as it can take time to see changes.
Conclusion
EMDR therapy can be an effective treatment option for PTSD. It can help you overcome the traumatic events you have experienced and reduce the severity of your PTSD symptoms. While the process can be challenging, many people find EMDR therapy to be a rewarding and transformative experience. If you are considering EMDR therapy for your PTSD, talk to a qualified mental health professional who can guide you through the process. Remember, healing takes time, so it is essential to be patient and persistent.
Experiencing traumatic events can have a lasting effect on our mental health, leading to conditions like PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder) and CPTSD (Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder). These conditions can adversely impact individuals and can make it challenging to move forward with their lives.
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a unique form of therapy that has shown promise in treating PTSD, CPTSD, and other mental health challenges. This therapy aims to help people process their traumatic experiences and alleviate the distress that comes with it. In this blog post, we will take a comprehensive look at what EMDR therapy is and how it works.
What is EMDR Therapy?
EMDR therapy is a form of psychotherapy that was pioneered in 1987 by Francine Shapiro. It aims to help individuals process their traumatic experiences and alleviate the distress caused by them. EMDR therapy involves focusing on an upsetting memory while simultaneously being exposed to rhythmic, bilateral stimulation such as eye movements, tones, or tapping. The rapid back-and-forth motion helps individuals process their traumatic experiences and store them in a more adaptive and less distressing way.
How Does EMDR Therapy Work?
EMDR therapy is based on the Adaptive Information Processing theory, which suggests our brains have an innate healing capacity. However, when we experience a traumatic event, the memory becomes “stuck” in our system, and the brain cannot process it effectively. EMDR therapy helps to unstick the traumatic memory and allows the brain to process and integrate the memory into a more adaptive system.
EMDR therapy encompasses the examination of three distinct time periods: the past, present, and future. This approach involves addressing past traumatic memories and associated events, as well as focusing on current distressing situations. Furthermore, it emphasizes the development of essential skills and attitudes for taking positive actions in the future. Through an eight-phase treatment approach, EMDR therapy effectively attends to these elements.
Who Can Benefit from EMDR Therapy?
EMDR therapy is primarily used to treat PTSD and CPTSD but also to treat other mental health challenges such as anxiety, depression, and phobias. It is suitable for people of all ages, including children and adolescents. Individuals who have experienced traumatic events such as accidents, abuse, or natural disasters can also benefit from EMDR therapy.
How Long Does EMDR Therapy Take?
The duration of EMDR therapy depends on various factors, such as the severity of the trauma, the number of traumatic experiences, and the individual’s coping skills. On average, a complete course of EMDR therapy consists of 8-12 sessions, each lasting around 60-90 minutes. Some individuals may require more or fewer sessions based on their unique needs.
What Are the Benefits of EMDR Therapy?
The primary benefit of EMDR therapy is the effective treatment of PTSD and CPTSD. However, it also has additional benefits, such as reducing symptoms of anxiety, depression, and phobias. EMDR therapy can help individuals process their trauma, improve their coping skills, and develop better ways of managing their emotions.
EMDR therapy is a unique form of therapy that has shown promise in treating PTSD, CPTSD, and other mental health challenges. It works by helping individuals process their traumatic experiences using rhythmic bilateral stimulation, unstick the traumatic memory, and integrate it into a more adaptive system.
EMDR therapy is suitable for people of all ages who have experienced traumatic events and can benefit from its wide-ranging benefits. If you or someone you know is struggling with trauma-related conditions, EMDR therapy may be the solution you are looking for.
Conclusion
In conclusion, EMDR therapy is an effective and evidence-based approach for treating a range of mental health conditions, including PTSD, anxiety, and phobias. By targeting traumatic memories and reprocessing them in a safe and controlled manner, EMDR helps individuals to alleviate distressing symptoms and promote healing. The comprehensive nature of this therapy allows for the integration of various treatment modalities to address the unique needs of each individual. As more research continues to support its efficacy, it is crucial for mental health professionals to consider incorporating EMDR therapy into their practice. With its proven track record in restoring emotional well-being, EMDR offers hope for those seeking relief from the debilitating effects of trauma.
A bad dream is known as a nightmare and has been likened to watching a scary movie while you sleep. A nightmare is a disturbing event or frightening fantasy that impacts our sleep and the way we approach the following day. A nightmare leaves us feeling emotionally out of sorts and the effects can remain with us after we have woken up, leaving us with negative thoughts and feelings. The themes of bad dreams differ from person to person, but the most frequent ones are running or falling or feeling lost or trapped. Nightmares can induce various feelings, including fright and anxiety. Everyone who has had a nightmare recognises this. However, children under the age of ten have far more nightmares.
What are nightmares?
Parasomnia is another name for nightmare disorder. Nightmare disorder is a type of sleep issue in which distressing feelings may appear while you sleep. REM sleep phases are when nightmares typically occur. However, it’s still unclear how they are induced.
Nightmare Disorder
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders has specific DSM-5 criteria for nightmare disorder are as follows: Recurrent bouts of lengthy, severely unpleasant and well-remembered dreams frequently entail efforts to avoid threats to survival or security or bodily integrity. The nightmares generally occur in the second half of a major sleep episode.
What causes nightmares in adults?
There are a variety of issues that can trigger nightmares.Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Nightmares Many people who suffer from post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experience the distressing symptom of nightmares as a result of their traumatic memory or memories. Often the nightmares are directly connected to past distressing events they have experienced. Adults can have recurring nightmares on occasion. They might also be linked to other issues and diseases. For example, people who eat late at night sometimes suffer from nightmares that boost their metabolism and stimulate their bodies to become more active.
What are the health effects of nightmares in adults?
Nightmares have an impact on you and how you feel. For example, a person who dreams may be considerably more stressed than they would have been otherwise, and the experience might even have a worse influence. Talk with your GP about nightmares Although no one can honestly explain the relationship, traumatic nightmares are linked to suicide. Because nightmares might have a significant impact on your health if you have them daily. For that reason, it’s critical that you talk with your GP about them. Sleep deprivation caused by regular nightmares has several negative side effects, including difficulty functioning throughout the day.
How do nightmares present?
The typical duration of a nightmare is two minutes. Nightmares are generally short or long in duration. Nightmares can impact sleep patterns and quality. The episode is usually brief, but it causes you to wake up, and resuming sleep may be difficult. Nightmares are particularly distressing for children and their families. Risk factors Frequent nightmares are sometimes seen more in people who have a family member with a history of nightmares sleep parasomnias. Adult nightmares are common, but it’s not clear whether lack of sleep causes them or if they’re a consequence of having them. While it’s conceivable, nightmare disorder hasn’t been verified as a by-product.
What do Nightmares Mean in Psychology?
Psychology Today states a bad dream, on the other hand, can be a terrifying nightmare—a frightening collection of scenes that generate a little emotional reaction from the dreamer. However, a nightmare might induce feelings of dread, terror, and anxiety; prompting the person to wake up and elicit distressing emotional reactions such as sleeplessness or other sleep problems or even daytime worry.
What causes nightmares?
Nightmares are usually the result of a variety of things. Sleep disorders that disrupt an individual’s circadian rhythm, such as jet lag, can trigger nightmares. Sleep apnoea has also been linked to recurrent nightmares People who use drugs or other stimulants to increase their energy levels might also experience night terrors. The link between nightmares and depression Many people develop nightmares because of depression or other sleep issues, although some people grow out of them by the age of 20. Stress is another possible cause of nightmares in adults. A person can have a nightmare after eating a large meal before going to bed. A person may also experience nightmares after experiencing something unpleasant in their daily lives. According to research, it has been found that people who have been through accidents or catastrophic events are more likely to suffer from night terrors than those who have not. In addition, nightmares are more common in women than men.
Does medication cause nightmares? Medications and other drug use can also be linked to the emergence of frightening dreams. Non-psychological nightmare drugs include high-dose blood-pressure medicines. If you cease taking any medication or begin taking a tranquilliser, you could have unpleasant dreams as a result. People who take certain medications may also experience nightmares when they go to sleep. These medicines include diuretics (water pills) and tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptyline (elavil), desipramine (norpramin), doxepin (sinequan), and nortriptyline (aventyl and pamelor). Taking these medications can cause mild depression or excessive drowsiness. They may also have other unpleasant effects on the individual taking them. In addition to seeing your doctor, if you experience night terrors, talk with your friends and family. Everyone close to you should know about it because nightmares can affect the dynamics of your social group. Speaking up about your nightmares is the first step to getting the support you need to treat them.
Treatments for nightmares in adults
Thankfully, your doctor may be able to reduce or even eliminate your nightmares. If a drug causes a nightmare, you can take a lower dose to prevent it. The treatment of insomnia, linked with sleep disorders, may help relieve the symptoms. Treatment such as talk therapy can be beneficial because it encourages the sufferer to talk about the parts of the nightmare that make them feel scared and the areas of their daily life where they experience stress or even traumatic stress. Do not worry if your night terrors are unrelated to medicine or disease, as this is the case with 70% of people who suffer from a sleep disorder such as nightmares.
How can eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) treat nightmares?
EMDR treatment is a phased and focused way to treat trauma in a safe and measured manner by reconnecting an emotionally affected person to images of trauma. It is a natural and effective treatment that focuses on psychological trauma. Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing therapy was initially used to treat the effects of war, rape, assault and accidents. However, it has since been found that people who have experienced extreme shock or stress can also benefit from EMDR. Standard benefits of EMDR therapy are:
Reduced symptoms of nightmares
Improved sleep and ability in falling asleep
Improved mood and mental health
Prevention of future episodes of night terrors by addressing their cause in the past.
Emotional benefits of EMDR are:
A reduction in negative emotions
Peace of mind, and a lack anxiety at bedtime, knowing that you’re finally free from nightmares
A sense of relief that your sleep has improved and your
The knowledge that you have returned to life before the nightmare phase began.
EMDR is a non-invasive treatment option for nightmares
One of the best things about EMDR therapy is that it’s natural and non-invasive. The fact that you can use this method of treatment without compromising other treatments or medications, means it’s very safe, especially for seniors, children, and those who may be on other drugs. This paves the way for a comfortable treatment that will hopefully lead you to a more pleasant life experience. EMDR is proven effective for treating nightmares EMDR treatment has been proven effective in reducing the frequency and intensity of PTSD symptoms, including nightmares because it can help your brain process your traumatic memories efficiently and effectively. Does cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) help with nightmares One of the most common methods therapists use to deal with nightmares is cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). CBT is a type of psychotherapy that allows a person to think and behave differently. The goal of this method of treatment is to help you understand why you’re having nightmares, so you can change them from being frightening or stressful. A disadvantage of using CBT for nightmares is that the patient needs to understand why they are having a nightmare in the first place, which can be challenging to work through. For this reason, CBT is not recommended for children.
EMDR treatment in Geelong West
At Create Balance Psychotherapy and Counselling, our practitioners use EMDR to treat a range of psychological health concerns, including sleep disturbances and nightmares. Clients can feel reassured that their EMDR therapy will not affect any other treatments or medications they are receiving. EMDR is an innovative therapy that is safe, non invasive and risk free. Feel free to click on this link to learn more about EMDR at Create Balance. To make a booking please call us on 0434 415 575 or (03) 5222 1553 or use our online booking form.
Shannon Bowman EMDR Therapist Geelong West
Author Shannon Bowman is director of Create Balance Psychotherapy and Counselling is leading neuro- auricular methods for EMDR at his practice in Geelong. He has partnered with the Canadian Institute of Auricular Medicine (CIAM) to enhance the dynamic and highly effective treatment for mental health conditions. Shannon’s passion is finding solutions to mental health issues through novel, innovative and complementary and alternative medicine.
Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) is an innovative and effective treatment for many mental health conditions and chronic physical pain conditions. EMDR is non-invasive, drug-free, risk-free and has no side effects.
What You Need to Know About EMDR Therapy
EMDR therapy has proven successful in treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by processing traumatic memories without the need to revisit and talk at length about their traumatic experience/s. The process of EMDR therapy is slow and methodical, where the therapist helps retrain the brain’s responses related to the traumatic event.
EMDR therapy can also help with other mental health conditions like anxiety, depression, panic attacks and even addiction. Traditional therapies for mental health issues focus on teaching coping skills or talk therapy but EMDR therapy focuses on rewiring the brain through a series of bilateral stimulation that includes eye movements, hand taps or tones.
It uses an eight-phase treatment protocol that includes phases for preparation, history taking and assessment; education about post traumatic stress disorder; imaginal exposure; body scan; grounding/reality orientation; installation of adaptive information (self-help skills); and closure.
Organisations, such as the American Psychiatric Association, the Department of Defence and the World Health Organisation have conducted numerous studies into EMDR therapy and it is accepted as one of the most effective trauma-focused treatments for treating trauma and other distressing events.
EMDR Therapy: Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model
EMDR therapy is based on the adaptive information processing (AIP) framework. When the original feelings, bodily sensations, and beliefs are kept, high levels of arousal can be an effect of disturbing life experiences and their memory.
A flashback, nightmare, or intrusive thought can be re-experienced in a setting that activates the memory. A wide range of adverse events have also contributed to varied symptomology, including the negative affective cognitive and somatic reactions.
The capacity to treat unprocessed memories has a wide range of applications in medicine since they are frequently associated with numerous health issues.
Get out of your head with EMDR
The Goal of EMDR Therapy
The goal of EMDR therapy is to assist the client to overcome the effects of a traumatic event or past traumatic experiences. This involves a set of standardised procedures that incorporates elements from a variety of treatment techniques and has helped millions of people from all walks of life overcome psychological trauma.
During EMDR therapy, the client focuses on what is distressing them while they receive bilateral stimulation or input that has nothing to do with those memories. For example, if someone was sexually abused as a child, they might be asked to tap their fingers in time to a specific rhythm while thinking about these traumatic memories.
The bilateral stimulation acts to help the brain to integrate these memories.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
When post traumatic stress disorder is triggered, it can be debilitating to everyday life for many people. Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms are often very distressing and difficult to overcome, but treatment options, such as EMDR can help to alleviate some of these symptoms in the short term.
EMDR as a Treatment for PTSD
Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing was developed by Francine Shapiro to treat traumatic memories and experiences. This multisensory input from EMDR therapy helps the brain reprocess distressing memories so they lose their emotional impact and can be integrated into the person’s life without causing them the distress commonly associated with post traumatic stress disorder.
The traumatic symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder include flashbacks, nightmares, exaggerated startle reflex, hypervigilant and a range of other physical sensations.
When a person suffering from post traumatic stress disorder undergoes a successful course of EMDR treatment, they should be able to recover from these unpleasant and often debilitating symptoms enabling them to:
Have better control of their PTSD symptoms
Experience reduced anxiety symptoms
Improve the quality of their everyday life
Be able to move on from painful and traumatic memories
Experience better mental health and an improved sense of self.
EMDR therapy relieves affective distress, reformulates negative beliefs, and reduces physiological arousal. This takes place as the client engages in brief sequential doses of emotionally troubling material while simultaneously focusing on an external stimulus during EMDR therapy.
EMDR is effective at stopping nightmares
Who can Benefit from EMDR Therapy?
Standard benefits:
EMDR therapy is less expensive than traditional talk therapy.
EMDR therapy can be done in a shorter amount of time.
Emotional benefits:
Decreased or eliminated negative emotions
Redirected thinking / new perspectives on the traumatic events
Feelings of hope and self-empowerment
Physical benefits:
Reduction in physical symptoms
Sensory benefits:
Normalisation of sensory experiences (sound, sight, etc.)
Cognitive benefits:
Greater focus
Integration of past events into the present
Improved memory recall / new perspectives on traumatic memories
Behavioural benefits:
Ability to feel comfortable in one’s own skin
Additional benefits:
Better relationships
Improved sleep
Improved concentration
Less daily stress.
During EMDR therapy sessions, clients are greeted by a highly trained and knowledgeable practitioner. The sessions are always designed to meet the needs of each individual client. EMDR is comprehensive and includes an eight-phase treatment approach with a treatment focus on past, present and future experiences. The therapist is there to help create a safe, comfortable, and relaxed environment where clients can express themselves freely throughout their treatment.
EMDR can assist with a range of mental health challenges.
EMDR Therapy is More Than Just Trauma Treatment
EMDR therapy is generally known as an effective treatment for post traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, trauma and other mental health conditions, but it has also been used effectively in the treatment of other conditions, including addiction. Using EMDR therapy for addictions can help overcome cravings and desires to use illicit substances or engage in certain addictive behaviours.
It can also help people who are trying to recover from drug overdoses or withdrawal symptoms caused by detoxing.
If you would like to learn more about eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing treatment for post traumatic stress disorder, or another mental health condition visit HERE
To book your appointment for EMDR therapy
or call us on 0434 415 575 or click the button below.
Shannon Bowman is the Director of SJB Clinical Consulting Pty Ltd,
and Create Balance Psychotherapy & Counselling VIEW HERE.
Create Balance Laser Therapy VIEW HERE
Create Balance Courses VIEW HERE
Shannon has a clinical interest in treating trauma, PTSD and ADHD.
He is accredited as an Mental Health Social Worker AMHSW,
psychotherapist and registered EMDR practitioner. Associations below. Australian Association of Social Workers EMDR Association of Australia